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Author(s): Laxmi Sinha a, Sanjay Kumar Jain b, Rachana Choudhary c

Email(s): laxmisinha475@gmail.com, Jainsk77@yahoo.com, rachanadin@gmail.com

Address:

    a Chhatrapati Shivaji Institute of Pharmacy, Durg, Chhattisgarh – 491001
    b Govt. RMD Girls PG College, Ambikapur, Sant Gahira Guru, Vishwavidyalaya, Ambikapur
    c Department of Microbiology, Hemchand Yadav University, Durg

Published In:   Volume - 1,      Issue - 1,     Year - 2024

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13341940  

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ABSTRACT:
The fifth most common malignancy in humans is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or liver cancer. Also the most fatal kind of the disease. Increased liver cancer cases threaten world health. Predictions show around one million people will get liver cancer by 2025. Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 90% of liver cancer. Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks third in death and sixth in incidence. Both B and C hepatitis increase cirrhosis risk. Alcohol intake is five times more risky than hepatitis C. Advanced age, male gender, hepatitis D, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are risk factors. The multi-stage HCC pathophysiology is complex. Early hepatocyte malignant transformation and HCC development are caused by multiple causes. To validate the diagnosis, no pathology evidence is required. Various radiologic exams, including as ultrasounds, CT scans, and MRIs, can be conducted as part of a screening. The sole options for treatment that ensure a complete recovery are orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) or surgical removal. Additional treatments include cryoablation, molecularly targeted medicines, systemic chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The treatment is determined by the tumor's size, location, other organ damage, and liver function at the beginning. Cirrhosis is a common progression stage for HCC. Prompt antiviral treatment, safe injection practices, hepatitis B immunisation, treatment and education for intravenous drug users and alcoholics, and universal blood product screening can all help prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Cite this article:
Sinha, L., Jain, SK., Choudhary R. Current trends in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinical applications and advancement. Prob. Sci., 2024;1(1):24-33DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13341940


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